![]() When comparing Stiff diagrams between different waters it is important to prepare each diagram using the same ionic species, in the same order, on the same scale.Įnvironmental laboratories typically report concentrations for anion and cation parameters using units of mass/volume, usually mg/L. ![]() The points are connected to form the figure. By standard convention, Stiff diagrams are created by plotting the equivalent concentration of the cations to the left of the center axis and anions to the right. Example of a Stiff diagramĪ typical Stiff diagram is shown in the figure (right). An alternative to the Stiff diagram is the Maucha diagram.ġ) to help visualize ionically related waters from which a flow path can be determined, or 2) if the flow path is known, to show how the ionic composition of a water body changes over space and/or time. ![]() Stiff patterns are useful in making a rapid visual comparison between water from different sources. Cations are plotted in milliequivalents per liter on the left side of the zero axis, one to each horizontal axis, and anions are plotted on the right side. A polygonal shape is created from four parallel horizontal axes extending on either side of a vertical zero axis. It is widely used by hydrogeologists and geochemists to display the major ion composition of a water sample. ![]() A Stiff diagram, or Stiff pattern, is a graphical representation of chemical analyses, first developed by H.A. ![]()
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